The print view carries every section of this page plus the blank twelve-node map, one copy per learner.
Run one episode per session, 30 to 45 minutes each. Thirteen sessions cover the whole pack. A weekly rhythm lets the Visitor's map fill in over a quarter. Acts also work as three weekend blocks.
- Read the story hook aloud (2 minutes).
- Walk through the teaching beat, one bullet at a time (10 minutes).
- Open the site page together and find the figure or part the beat names (10 minutes).
- Ask the check question and let two or three learners answer before reading the answer (5 minutes).
- Read the takeaway. Learners write it in their own words (5 minutes).
- Light the node on the coherence map (2 minutes).
A screen showing the site, a printed twelve-node map for each learner, and pens. Episodes 6 and 13 use the animations pages: the machine animations and the flagellum.
A blank copy of the twelve-node map. Print one per learner; the capstone activity asks each learner to redraw it from memory and add every dependency arrow they can name.
- Quote each figure as this pack gives it. Each one has a row in the Figures and Sources table below. When a learner finds a different figure on a page, read that table row together.
- Present anchor names as the pages present them: Behe (1996), Crick (1961), Levinthal, Eigen.
- Paraphrase Behe in discussion. Quote verification is an open research item.
- Use the site's own words for its argument, the first cell that worked already had all twelve, and invite learners to test it against the pages.
- Episode 3: Which of the three marks would you want to see animated first, and why?
- Episode 6: What does it mean for a cell to run a motor continuously?
- Episode 9: How do three layers combine to reach a rate beyond what any single layer reaches?
- Episode 13: Which dependency pair on the map surprised you most?
Ask each learner to name their favorite node, the dependency that links it to another system, and one page they want to open again. Point them to the hub at Biological Coherence for further reading.
Every figure below has a row in the pack's research file. Rows tagged CHECK before print rest on abstract-level reading of the source, so confirm the full text before the figure or citation goes to print. The author list for Watt 2010 also needs a check.
| Figure | Value used | Source |
|---|---|---|
| ATP synthase speed, human mitochondria | About 100 turns per second, roughly 6,000 rpm | Watt et al. 2010, PNAS. CHECK before print (abstract only) |
| ATP made per turn | 3 ATP per turn, about 300 ATP per second per enzyme | Watt et al. 2010. CHECK before print (abstract only) |
| ATP synthase speed, isolated F1 | About 130 turns per second (about 7,800 rpm) at saturating ATP | Yasuda et al. 2001, Nature 410:898 (abstract and extracts read) |
| Rotation under the 1997 actin load | At most about 4 turns per second | Noji et al. 1997, Nature 386:299 (abstract and extracts read) |
| c-ring | 8 subunits, 8 protons per turn, 2.7 protons per ATP | Watt et al. 2010. CHECK before print (abstract only) |
| Replication correction layers | Three: base selection, proofreading, mismatch repair | Alberts et al. 2002, Table 5-1 (read directly); Schaaper 1993 and Kunkel 2004 (abstracts and excerpts read) |
| Fold per layer | 105, then about 100-fold, then about 100-fold (105 x 102 x 102 = 109) | Alberts et al. 2002, Table 5-1 (read directly) |
| Final replication error rate | About 1 error per billion bases (10-9) | Alberts et al. 2002 (read directly) |
| Errors per division before correction | About 64,000 (6.4 billion bases x 10-5) | Alberts et al. 2002 and arithmetic in the research file |
| Errors per division after correction | About 6 per diploid division (about 3 per 3.2 billion base set) | Alberts et al. 2002 and arithmetic in the research file |
| Levinthal count, 100 residues | 3100, about 5 x 1047 conformations | Textbook one-choice-per-residue illustration with the arithmetic in the research file (3100 = 5.15 x 1047). Levinthal's 1969 text carries 10300 only |
| Random search time | About 1.6 x 1027 years at 10-13 seconds per conformation | Arithmetic in the research file |
| Levinthal's own estimate | About 10300 configurations for a 150-residue protein | Levinthal 1969, pp. 22 to 24 (full text read) |
| Axe estimate | Roughly 1 in 1077 of sequences for functional enzyme folds, domain-sized protein | Axe 2004, J Mol Biol 341:1295. CHECK before print (abstract only) |
| Flagellar regulon | More than 50 genes in at least 17 operons | Chilcott and Hughes 2000, MMBR 64:694. CHECK before print (abstract only) |
| Flagellar hierarchy | Over 60 genes with the full regulatory hierarchy and chemotaxis | Chevance and Hughes 2008, Nat Rev Microbiol 6:455 (abstract and key points read) |
| Flagellar structural proteins | About 25 to 30 distinct proteins (approximate) | Commonly cited count, approximate (primary table pending in the research file) |
| Flagellum speed | About 300 turns per second (about 18,000 rpm) in E. coli; above 100,000 rpm in Vibrio alginolyticus | Berg 2003, Annu Rev Biochem 72:19; Sowa and Berry 2008, Q Rev Biophys 41:103. CHECK before print (abstract only) |
| Histone modification sites | Well over 100 catalogued, spanning more than a dozen chemical types | Tan et al. 2011 (read directly); Zhao and Garcia 2015 and Cavalieri 2021. CHECK before print (abstract only) |
| Sites in one study | 130 | Tan et al. 2011, Cell 146:1016 (read directly) |
Figures in the episodes that come from the live site pages and sit outside the research file stay as each page gives them (for example codon counts, nucleosome counts, glycosyltransferase counts, miRNA counts, kinase counts, and the flagellum part counts in the capstone list). Confirm them against the pages at print time.
Behe quote verification is an open research item, so every Behe reference in this pack is a paraphrase.